Computer Network Technologi (CNT/TKJ)

Pertama yang harus di lakukan adalah mensetting serv(gateway utama) supaya bisa terhubung ke internet
Sebelum Mensetting :
1.Minta IP public ke ISP lengkap dengan netmask,broadcast dan dns nya
misalnya :
IP: 202.169.229.25
GATEWAY : 202.169.229.1
Nemast: 255.255.255.192
broadcast : 202.192.224.63
DNS1: 202.169.224.3
DNS2: 202.169.224.4

2.Menentukan IP local yang akan kita gunakan buat client

Setting IP serv :
1.[root@serv root]$ vi /etc/sysconfig/network
lalu isi dengan :

NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=serv.domain.com
GATEWAY=202.169.229.1

lalu simpan dengan menekan :wq

2.Menconfigurasi IP eth0(default)

[root@serv root]$ vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
lalu isi dengan :

DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=202.169.229.25
BROADCAST=202.169.229.63
NETMASK=255.255.255.192
ONBOOT=yes
USERCTL=no

lalu simpan dengan menekan :wq

3.Setting dns resolve

[root@serv root]$ vi /etc/resolve.conf
lalu isi dengan nameserver dari isp kita tadi :

nameserver 202.169.224.3
nameserver 202.169.224.4

lalu simpan dengan menekan :wq

4.Setting ip_forwarding

[root@serv cachak]$ vi /etc/sysctl.conf

rubah net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 menjadi net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
atau kalau gak ada net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 tambahin net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

simpan dengan menekan :wq

5.restart network
[root@serv cachak]$ /etc/init.d/network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Disabling IPv4 packet forwarding: [ OK ]
Setting network parameters: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]

[root@www root]#chkconfig –level 2345 network on
[root@www root]#

6.testing dengan ping ke default gateway 202.169.229.1

[root@serv root]$ ping 202.159.121.1
Pinging 202.169.229.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 202.169.229.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=63
Reply from 202.169.229.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=63
Reply from 202.169.229.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=63
Reply from 202.169.229.1: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=63

Ping statistics for 202.169.229.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 10ms, Maximum = 10ms, Average = 10ms

7.testing untuk ngeping google.com untuk ngecek dns nya
kalau muncul :
PING google.com (216.239.39.99) 56(84) bytes of data.
berarti dns kita untuk serv dah bekerja, tapi kalau muncul :
ping: unknown host google.com
berarti dns yang kita isikan di /etc/resolve.conf masih salah,silahkan cek lagi ke ISP nya

nah bereskan sudah setting IP untuk serv nya
supaya serv ini bisa sekaligus di gunakan sebagai ns server oleh client maka harus di install daemon bind atau daemon nameserver yang lain
atau kalau sudah ada tinggal hidupin Bind nya

[root@www root]# /etc/init.d/named restart
Stopping named: [ OK ]
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@www root]#chkconfig –level 2345 named on
[root@www root]#

misalnya ip ke client adalah :
192.168.0.1/24
IP : 192.168.0.1
netmask : 255.255.255.0
broadcast : 192.168.0.255
RANGE IP CLIENT : 192.168.0.2-192.168.0.254

Setting ip untuk eth1 (yang ke client)
1.memberi IP 192.168.0.1 di eth1
[root@serv cachak]$ vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
lalu isi dengan :

DEVICE=eth1
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
BROADCAST=192.168.0.255
ONBOOT=yes
USERCTL=no

lalu simpan dengan menekan :wq

2.Restart networknya

[root@serv root]$ /etc/init.d/network restart
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down interface eth1: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Disabling IPv4 packet forwarding: [ OK ]
Setting network parameters: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth1: [ OK ]

3.Testing dengan cara ping ip eth1
[root@serv cachak]$ ping 192.168.0.1
PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=0.356 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=0.269 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=0.267 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=0.268 ms

— 192.168.0.1 ping statistics —
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2997ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.267/0.290/0.356/0.038 ms

Tinggal Setting IP computer client dengan ketentuan di bawah ini :

IP: 192.168.0.2 - 192.168.0.254
GATEWAY: 192.168.0.1
NETMASK: 255.255.255.0
BROADCAST: 192.168.0.255
NAMESERVER: 192.168.0.1

misal :

Client01
===============================
IP: 192.168.0.2
GATEWAY: 192.168.0.1
NETMASK: 255.255.255.0
BROADCAST: 192.168.0.255
NAMESERVER: 192.168.0.1

Client02
===============================
IP: 192.168.0.3
GATEWAY: 192.168.0.1
NETMASK: 255.255.255.0
BROADCAST: 192.168.0.255
NAMESERVER: 192.168.0.1

dan seterusnya sesuai banyaknya client,yang berubah hanya IP
untuk client windows maka setting IP di bagian Start Menu/Setting/Control Panel/Network

setelah di setting ip client, maka coba ping ke 192.168.0.1 dari client,kalau berhasil berarti client dan serv nya sudah tersambung.

Setting serv supaya client bisa internat dengan menggunakan NAT

1.Matikan iptablesnya

[root@serv root]# /etc/init.d/iptables stop
Flushing all chains: [ OK ]
Removing user defined chains: [ OK ]
Resetting built-in chains to the default ACCEPT policy: [ OK ]
[root@serv root]#

2.Tambahkan iptables untuk Source NAt sesuai dengan ip di eth0
[root@serv root]# /sbin/iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -s 192.168.0.0/24 -j SNAT –to-source 202.159.121.2
[root@serv root]# /sbin/iptables-save > /etc/sysconfig/iptables
[root@serv root]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
Flushing all current rules and user defined chains: [ OK ]
Clearing all current rules and user defined chains: [ OK ]
Applying iptables firewall rules: [ OK ]
[root@serv root]# iptables-save